Elsevier, the global publisher of scientific journals based in the Netherlands, is keen that scientists who submit papers for peer review, do so AFTER their work is proofread. While they commit to editing the paper, they clarify that this is not the same as proofreading. Here is their description.
The terms ‘proofreading’ and ‘editing’ are sometimes used interchangeably, but in fact there are important differences between the two.
Proofreading focuses on correcting superficial errors in spelling, grammar, syntax, punctuation, and formatting. Therefore, it normally occurs at the end of the writing process as a final step before submitting a paper which is otherwise ready to be published.
On the other hand, editing takes a deeper look at how information and ideas are presented. While editing includes all steps involved in proofreading, the focus is on making changes that make an article easier to understand, better organized, and more suitable for the audience. Because editing is an essential part of formulating a research argument, it occurs multiple times throughout the writing process.